主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 9-16.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.04.002

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2021年3月27—28日中国北方沙尘天气特征分析

徐红1(),陈军庆2,路海军2,宋明坤2,陈玺伍2,龚强1,朱玲1,沈历都3   

  1. 1. 沈阳区域气候中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166
    2. 93161部队, 辽宁沈阳 110015
    3. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-01 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-09-23
  • 作者简介:徐红, 女, 1986年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事气候资源开发与利用研究, E-mail: lnqxny@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1501100);辽宁省风能资源详查和评价项目和2017年气候变化专项(CCFS201710)

Analysis of the weather characteristics of a sand-dust event in Northern China from March 27 to 28, 2021

Hong XU1(),Junqing CHEN2,Haijun LU2,Mingkun SONG2,Xiwu CHEN2,Qiang GONG1,Ling ZHU1,Lidu SHEN3   

  1. 1. Regional Climate Center of Shenyang, Shenyang 110166, China
    2. Unit of 93161, Shenyang 110015, China
    3. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2022-06-01 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-09-23

摘要:

选用常规气象观测资料、探空站气象观测资料、卫星云图反演沙尘产品、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料对2021年3月27—28日中国北方一次典型强沙尘天气进行分析。结果表明:干燥(平均降水量小于10 mm、降水量负距平的地区超过80%)、高热(气温较常年偏高超过6℃)为此次沙尘天气的气候条件。同时,受蒙古气旋影响,中低空、地面大风和强烈的垂直上升运动为此次沙尘天气提供了动力条件。大气温度直减率、抬升指数、K指数、对流有效位能指数、IConve(700—850)指数、IConve(700—sfc)指数、PW指数表明,沙源地大气层结存在不稳定状态,为沙尘天气发生提供了热力条件。24 h后向轨迹模型表明,沈阳上空500 m高度的沙尘来自内蒙古地表抬升至1000 m高空后远距离输送,而1000~2500 m高度的沙尘源自蒙古国4000~5000 m高空,随气流下沉远距离输送至目标区域。

关键词: 大风, 动力条件, 热力条件, 后向轨迹模型

Abstract:

A typical strong sand-dust event in Northern China from March 27 to 28, 2021 was analyzed using conventional meteorological data, sounding station meteorological observation data, retrieval data of sand-dust from satellite cloud images and the NCEP/NCAR (National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis data.The results show that the dry (the average precipitation is less than 10 mm, and the area with negative precipitation anomaly is more than 80%) and hot (the temperature is 6℃ higher than usual) weather are the climatic background factors for the dust weather.At the same time, under the influence of the Mongolian cyclone, the strong wind at medium-low altitude and on the ground, the strong vertical ascending motion is the dynamic conditions for the dust weather.Based on the atmospheric temperature lapse rate, uplift index, K index, convective effective potential energy index, IConve index from 700 hPa to 850 hPa, IConve index from 700 hPa to the ground, and PW index, it indicates that the atmospheric structure in the sand source area is unstable, which provides thermal conditions for the occurrence of dust weather.The 24-hour backward trajectory analysis shows that the dust near the surface of Inner Mongolia is uplifted to 1000 m and transported over a long distance to a low level of about 500 m at Shenyang.The dust at the height of 4000~5000 m is transported to the high level about 1000~1500 m at Shenyang.

Key words: Strong wind, Dynamic conditions, Thermal conditions, Backward trajectory model

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