主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 48-57.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2025.04.006

• 论文 • 上一篇    

河南一次西南气流型暖区大暴雨成因分析

梁钰1,2, 胡燕平3, 张璞4, 张亚春2   

  1. 1. 中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室, 河南郑州 450003;
    2. 河南省气象台, 河南郑州 450003;
    3. 漯河市气象局, 河南漯河 462300;
    4. 鹤壁市气象局, 河南鹤壁 458030
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-22 修回日期:2024-05-21 发布日期:2026-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 胡燕平,女,正高级工程师,E-mail:407830800@qq.com。 E-mail:407830800@qq.com
  • 作者简介:梁钰,女,1972年生,正高级工程师,主要从事中短期天气预报及灾害性天气研究,E-mail:961118771@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省2024年科技攻关计划(242102320038)、中国气象局预报复盘总结专项(FPZJ2024-078)、河南省科技研发计划联合基金(232103810096)和中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室应用技术研究基金面上项目(KM202343)共同资助。

Cause analysis of a southwesterly airflow warm-sector heavy rainfall event in Henan

LIANG Yu1,2, HU Yanping3, ZHANG Pu4, ZHANG Yachun2   

  1. 1. Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique, CMA, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
    2. Henan Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
    3. Luohe Meteorological Office, Luohe 462300, China;
    4. Hebi Meteorological Office, Hebi 458030, China
  • Received:2023-12-22 Revised:2024-05-21 Published:2026-01-10

摘要: 利用常规观测资料、区域自动站资料、雷达、卫星数据及NCEP 1°×1°逐6 h再分析资料等对2017年7月河南黄淮之间的一次西南气流型暖区大暴雨进行天气学分析和物理量诊断,揭示西南气流型暖区暴雨的发生、发展机理。结果表明:这次暖区大暴雨主要影响系统是中低空急流,上干冷下暖湿的层结是其主要的不稳定机制;水汽输送和水汽辐合高度分别位于850 hPa和900 hPa附近及以下;低层和近地层较强的水汽辐合、地面中尺度辐合线是其重要触发机制;明显的动力锋生过程,提供强上升运动,高、低空急流耦合是主要的动力加强机制;大暴雨出现在TBB高且低中心的梯度区内或低值中心附近,TBB值低于220 K的区域对100 mm以上大暴雨落区有重要的指示意义;强降水回波呈现后向传播和准静止特征,同时具有低质心的暖云回波降水结构。

关键词: 西南气流型暖区暴雨, 高空急流, 低空急流, 锋生函数, 后向传播

Abstract: Based on meteorological observation,radar data,satellite data and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data every 6h,using the methods of synoptic analysis and physical quantity diagnosis,the occurrence and development mechanism of southwesterly airflow warm-sector heavy rainstorm in the Huanghuai region of Henan Province in July 2017 was analyzed.The results show that the mainly influence system of the heavy rainfall is the low and medium level jet.The unstable energy comes from the dry and cold upper layer with the warm and wet lower layer.The water vapor convergence and transport is mainly located near and below 850 hPa or 925 hPa.The strong water vapor convergence between the low level and near-surface,and the surface mesoscale convergence line are important triggering mechanisms for warm-sector heavy rainfall.The obviously dynamic frontogenesis provides a strong upward movement for heavy rainfall.The coupling of high and low level jet is the mainly dynamic strengthening mechanism.The heavy rainfall occurred in the gradient area of the high and low centers of TBB or near the center of lower TBB values,and the area of TBB lower than 220 K have an important indication significance for the heavy rainstorm area above 100 mm; The echo of heavy precipitation presents the characteristics of backward propagation and quasi-stationary,and the echo has warm cloud echo precipitation structure with low centroid meanwhile.

Key words: Southwesterly airflow warm-sector heavy rainfall, Upper-level jet, Low-level jet, Frontogenesis function, Back propagation

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