主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 66-71.doi:

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中国北方地区冬季雨雪年度变化与大气气溶胶分布特征研究

王继志1 李多1,2 杨元琴1 王亚强1   

  1. 1.中国气象科学研究院大气成分中心，北京 100081；2.南京信息工程大学，江苏 南京 210044
  • 出版日期:2011-12-30 发布日期:2011-12-30

Characteristics of annual variations of winter rain/snow and atmospheric aerosol distributions in the north of China

WANG Ji-zhi 1 LI Duo 1,2 YANG Yuan-qin1 WANG Ya-qiang1   

  1. 1. Atmospheric Composition Observing & Service Center, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
  • Online:2011-12-30 Published:2011-12-30

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935

被引次数

3

摘要： 近年来随着大气观测技术的快速发展，对冬季大雪年际变化研究提供了一些新的观测事实，增加了新的认识。认为大气环流对降雪的年际变化的影响只是重要方面之一。新的观测事实启示人们，冬雪的年际变化和差异还可能与其它影响气候变化的更为复杂因素—大气气溶胶特征有关。本文基于1980—2008年中国气象台站降水量资料，1980—2005年北方地区大气气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）资料进行对比分析，研究我国北方大范围多雨雪以及少雨雪年度变化与大气气溶胶分布特征的关系。结果表明：1980—2008年，北方地区典型的多雨雪年为1980、1984、1989、1993、1998、2003和2006年；少雨雪年为1982—1983、1985—1988、1997、2001年2005年。根据1980—2005年华北逐年冬半年雨雪总量与北方地区同期AOD相关分析，揭示我国北方雨雪年度变化与气溶胶光学厚度(AOD550nm) 的年度变化存在正相关,相关系数达到0.001的显著性水平。同期资料AOD550nm分析表明，中国北方地区冬季多雨雪与少雨年大气气溶胶光学厚度差异显著，多雨雪年大气气溶胶光学厚度显著偏厚，中国华北北部、东北南部AOD正距平的平均值达到1—5×10-3，冬季北方少雨雪年与此差异显著，AOD为显著负距平，其平均值-5×10-3。

关键词: 多/少雨雪年度变化, 大气溶胶, 气溶胶光学厚度, 中国北方地区

Abstract: With the rapid development of atmospheric observation technology in recent years, it provides some new observational facts for the analysis of the inter-annual variations of the heavy snow in winter and increases some new understanding. It is considered that the effect of atmospheric circulation on annual variations of winter snowfall is important, while it is just one of most aspects. New observational facts indicate that the inter-annual variations and differences of winter snow may be related to atmospheric aerosol. According to precipitation data from 279 weather stations from 1980 to 2008 and atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from 1980 to 2005 in the north of China, the relationships between amount of winter rain/snow and AOD were analyzed. The results indicate that the typical years with more winter rain/snow are 1980, 1984, 1989, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2006 in the north of China, while those with  less winter rain/snow are 1982-1983, 1985-1988, 1997, 2001 and 2005. The correlation analysis between the total winter snowfall and synchronous AOD in the north of China shows that the annual variation of winter rain/snow is in a positive correlation with AOD550nm, and the correlation coefficient is significant at 0.001 levels. The differences of AOD between years having  more and less rain/snow  are significant. Atmospheric AOD is clearly larger   in the years having more rain/snow, and the average of positive anomaly of AOD reaches 1×10-3-5×10-3 in the north of North China and the south of Northeast China. However, the difference relative to this value is significant in the years having less rain/snow. The atmospheric AOD shows  a significantly negative anomaly and the average is -5×10-3.

Key words: Annual variations of more or less rain/snow, Atmospheric aerosol, Aerosol optical depth (AOD), The north regions of China