Abstract:

To assess the temperature observation performance of different types of micro intelligent weather stations (micro smart stations), a comparative observational experiment was conducted from 08:00 on January 1 to 23:59 on December 31, 2023, at the Meteorological Service in Xiongan New Area, Hebei province.The stations employed differing temperature measurement principles (platinum resistance, thermistor, and diode). The results show that, on an annual time scale, the stations using platinum resistance closely matched the standard station temperatures, whereas the thermistor-based stations exhibited the largest deviations.In terms of data stability, platinum resistance stations outperformed those using diodes, with thermistor stations being the least stable.Stations with larger average annual temperature errors showed significant monthly fluctuations, which were not closely related to the seasons.It suggested that the primary source of overall temperature measurement errors in micro smart stations stems from the instruments themselves.Under extreme temperature conditions, the best-performing stations were again those using platinum resistance; overall, the temperature readings from all micro smart stations tended to be higher; thermistor stations performed the worst under extreme high temperatures; thermistor and diode stations had better temperature measurement performance under extreme low temperatures compared to high temperatures. The hourly average temperature error trends of each station nearly mirrored the trends in solar radiation, indicating that another major source of temperature measurement errors may be the radiation shielding hardware structure of the micro smart stations.Therefore, conducting field comparative experiments and optimizing the hardware structure based on the results is an effective way to enhance the temperature measurement performance of micro smart stations and can provide a reference for equipment selection in different scenarios and needs for refined thermal environment monitoring.

Key words: Micro intelligent weather stations, Temperature observation, Comparative observational experiment