主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 25-32.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.03.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

DNQ1与FD12型能见度仪观测比对及影响因子研究

李晓岚1,2(),权维俊3,*(),王东东2,王迪4   

  1. 1. 上甸子国家大气本底观测站, 北京 101500
    2. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
    3. 京津冀环境气象预报预警中心, 北京 100089
    4. 辽宁省气象服务中心, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-07 出版日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:1900-01-01
  • 通讯作者: 权维俊 E-mail:leexl.ouc@163.com;quanquan78430@163.com
  • 作者简介:李晓岚, 女, 1986年生, 副研究员, 主要从事大气边界层与大气湍流、大气环境研究, E-mail: leexl.ouc@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上甸子国家大气本底站开放研究课题(SDZ2020620);辽宁省自然科学基金(2020-MS-350);辽宁省气象局科学技术研究重点项目(201904);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费重点项目(2018SYIAEZD4)

Comparison of visibility measurements using DNQ1 and FD12 visibility meters and their major influencing factors

Xiao-lan LI1,2(),Wei-jun QUAN3,*(),Dong-dong WANG2,Di WANG4   

  1. 1. Shangdianzi National Atmosphere Watch Station, Beijing 101500, China
    2. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, CMA, Shenyang 110166, China
    3. Environmental Meteorological Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Beijing 100089, China
    4. Liaoning Meteorological Service Center, Shenyang 110166, China
  • Received:2021-01-07 Online:2021-06-30 Published:1900-01-01
  • Contact: Wei-jun QUAN E-mail:leexl.ouc@163.com;quanquan78430@163.com

摘要:

DNQ1型前向散射能见度仪是目前我国气象站应用最多的能见度仪之一,但对其观测能力的评估及与国际上同类能见度仪间的比对研究较少。本文利用2015年1—3月北京上甸子国家大气本底站DNQ1和FD12型能见度仪观测资料开展比对研究,分析两种能见度仪的观测差异特征及与关键气象要素和大气成分的关系。结果表明:两种仪器观测的小时平均能见度的变化趋势较为一致,二者相关系数为0.98。除降雨外,DNQ1与FD12型仪器观测的能见度差值受不同天气状况(包括晴天、沙尘、雾、霾、降雨和降雪)的影响较小,但随能见度等级的增加,差值范围和离散程度均有所增大。能见度差值随相对湿度的增加呈指数递减关系,与气温呈线性正相关关系,与气压、风速和风向关系不明显。两种器测能见度与相对湿度呈明显负相关关系,与其他气象要素的关系不明显。DNQ1能见度相对FD12能见度在每日不同时刻的相对偏差平均低于±10%,满足观测需求;二者在夜间的相关性优于白天,可能与相对湿度和气温的日变化有关。

关键词: 大气能见度, DNQ1型能见度仪, FD12型能见度仪, 气象因子

Abstract:

The DNQ1 forward scattering visibility meter is currently one of the most widely used visibility meters at weather stations in China.However, rare studies have evaluated and compared the performance of DNQ1 visibility meters with other similar visibility instruments worldwide.Therefore, we conducted a comparative study using observation data of DNQ1 and FD12 visibility meters at the Shangdianzi National Atmosphere Watch Station from January to March 2015.The characteristics of observed differences between the two visibility meters and their relationships with major meteorological parameters and atmospheric components were analyzed in this study.The results indicated that hourly mean visibility measured by two instruments exhibits a consistent variation trend, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98.Except for rainfall, the difference in visibility observed by DNQ1 and FD12 instruments is less affected by different weather conditions (including sunny days, sand-dust, fog, haze, rainfall, and snowfall), but the difference range and dispersion increase as visibility level increases.The visibility difference shows an exponential decrease with the increase of relative humidity, a linear positive correlation with air temperature, and an insignificant relationship with air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction.The mean relative deviation between DNQ1-and FD12-measured visibility at different times of the day is on average less than ±10%, which indicates that the NDQ1 visibility meter meets observation needs.The correlation between the two visibility at night is better than that during the day, which may be related to the daily variation of relative humidity and temperature.

Key words: Atmospheric visibility, DNQ1 visibility meter, FD12 visibility meter, Meteorological parameter

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