主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 156-161.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2022.03.019

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辽河流域气候变化及对径流影响预估与评估分析

孙凤华1(),刘鸣彦2,翟晴飞3   

  1. 1. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
    2. 沈阳区域气候中心, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
    3. 辽宁省人工影响天气办公室, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-13 出版日期:2022-06-28 发布日期:2022-07-23
  • 作者简介:孙凤华, 女, 1963年生, 研究员, 主要从事气候变化及影响研究, E-mai: sfh3910839@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所和东北冷涡研究重点开放实验室联合开放基金重点项目(2020SYIAEZD5)

Analysis of prediction and assessment of climate change and its impact on runoff in the Liaohe river basin

Feng-hua SUN1(),Ming-yan LIU2,Qing-fei ZHAI3   

  1. 1. lnstitute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110166, China
    2. Shenyang Regional Climate Center, Shenyang 110166, China
    3. Weather Modification Office in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110166, China
  • Received:2021-01-13 Online:2022-06-28 Published:2022-07-23

摘要:

辽河流域属于气候变暖较为显著区域, 增温幅度比全球和全国的增温幅度都要高。同时辽河流域也是水资源较为匮乏且需求量大的地区, 因此气候变化对水资源影响问题也更值得关注。基于长期历史观测气象水文数据和未来不同情景下气候变化预估资料, 建立评估气候变化与径流量的关系, 预估未来气候变化对径流量的可能影响, 为辽河流域应对气候变化决策提供科学依据。结果表明: 1961—2020年, 辽河流域气温为持续上升趋势, 降水没有明显的增减趋势, 但存在阶段性变化; 辽河流域降水量与径流量有较好的相关关系, 具有较为一致的长期变化趋势与特征, 年降水量与径流量相关数达到0.6以上。日降水量与径流量相关分析表明, 降水发生后次日且为大雨降水等级(即日降水量≥25 mm)时, 两者相关系数可高达0.85;敏感性试验和模式模拟试验表明, 径流量对气候变化有明显的响应, 降水增加(减少)、气温降低(升高), 则径流量增加(减少); 在未来RCP8.5排放情景下气温升高趋势最为明显, 未来径流量也为显著增加趋势; RCP2.6排放情景下气温增加的幅度最小, 未来径流量也表现为无明显增减趋势; RCP4.5情景下, 气温增加的幅度居中, 未来径流量则为减少趋势。

关键词: 径流, 气候变化, 预估与评估

Abstract:

The Liaohe river basin is a region with significant climate warming, and the warming amplitude is higher than that over the whole world and China.At the same time, it is also an area with relatively scarce water resources and large demand, so the impact of climate change on water resources is more worthy of attention.Based on long-term historical observational meteorological and hydrological data and climate change forecast data under different scenarios, the relationship between climate change and runoff was established, and the possible impact of future climate change on runoff was estimated, providing the scientific basis for the decision-making of coping with climate change in Liaohe river basin.The results showed that air temperature has a continuous upward trend, and precipitation has no obvious trend of increase or decrease, but there are periodic changes from 1961 to 2020.There is a good correlation between precipitation and runoff in Liaohe river basin, and with relatively consistent long-term trends and characteristics, the correlation between annual precipitation and runoff can reach more than 0.6.The correlation analysis between daily precipitation and runoff shows that the correlation coefficient between the two can be as high as 0.85 on the next day after the occurrence of precipitation and the heavy rain grade (i.e.daily precipitation ≥25 mm).The results of the sensitivity test and model simulation test show that runoff has an obvious response to climate change, and the increase (decrease) of runoff is most obvious when precipitation increases (decreases) and temperature decreases (increases).Under the RCP8.5 emission scenario, the temperature increase trend is the most obvious, and the future runoff also has a significant increasing trend.Under the RCP2.6 emission scenario, the temperature increase is the smallest, and the future runoff also shows no obvious increase or decrease trend.Under the RCP4.5 scenario, the temperature increase is in the middle, and the future runoff is in a decreasing trend.

Key words: Runoff, Climate change, Prediction and assessment

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