主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 29-38.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2022.06.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国东部沿海地区两次登陆台风多发龙卷天气雷达特征对比分析

温璐璐(),韩锐,张吉荣   

  1. 中国人民解放军93117部队, 江苏南京 210018
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-11 出版日期:2022-12-28 发布日期:2022-12-27
  • 作者简介:温璐璐, 女, 1981年生, 工程师, 主要从事气象预报与技术保障研究, E-mail: issn163126@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41375120);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022MD035)

The radar observation characteristics of multiple tornadoes in the peripheral circulation of two landfall typhoons in eastern coastal areas of China

Lu-lu WEN(),Rui HAN,Ji-rong ZHANG   

  1. Unit 93117 of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanjing 210018, China
  • Received:2021-06-11 Online:2022-12-28 Published:2022-12-27

摘要:

基于CINRAD/SA雷达探测资料, 结合探空、地面实况资料及灾情报告, 对台风“凤凰”(0808)和“摩羯”(1814)外围环流在江苏北部和山东东北部地区多发龙卷天气的环境物理量和风暴演变及径向速度特征进行了分析。结果表明: 两次多发龙卷天气出现在台风减弱低压中心的东北象限, 对流抑制能量较小, 抬升凝结高度较低, 对流有效位能中等强度或以上, 相对风暴螺旋度和低层垂直风切变较大。龙卷风暴多出现在台风外围云带, 少数表现为相对孤立的对流单体。“凤凰”外围多发性龙卷主要产生于云带后侧雷暴, 龙卷单体具有后向传播特征。“摩羯”外围多发性龙卷主要产生于云带前端强雷暴, 持续时间较长, 伴有持久的中气旋。龙卷发生阶段, 风暴底层方位相邻距离库之间速度差较大, 具有较强的小尺度涡旋。龙卷产生前期, 风暴低层气旋性涡旋明显加强并维持, 之后快速下传, 底层涡旋强度明显加强, 达到一定强度后地面出现龙卷。

关键词: 多发龙卷, 环境参数, 小尺度涡旋, 切变

Abstract:

Using CINRAD/SA data, sounding data, automatic meteorological station data, and disaster reports, the environmental physical variations, tornado storm evolution, and mean radial velocity characteristics in the peripheral circulation of typhoon "Fung-wong" in the northern Jiangsu province and "Yagi" in northeast Shandong province were analyzed.The results show that the tornadoes occur in the northeast quadrant of the weakening low-pressure center of typhoon, and are characterized by small convective suppression energy, low lift condensation height, medium or strong convective available potential energy, strong low-level vertical wind shear, and large storm-relative helicity.Tornado storms mostly occur in the convective cloud belts in the peripheral circulation of a typhoon and appear as relatively isolated convective cells in small numbers.The multiple tornadoes in the peripheral circulation of typhoon "Fung-wong" occur in thunderstorms at the back of the cloud belt, and the tornado monomer has the characteristics of backward propagation.The multiple tornadoes in the peripheral circulation of typhoon "Yagi" are mainly caused by thunderstorms in the front of the cloud belt and have a long life and persistent mesocyclone.The storms have large velocity differences between adjacent velocity gate pairs at low-level at the tornadoes occurring stage and are accompanied by a significant small-scale vortex.Before the tornadoes occurring stage, the low-level cyclonic vortex of the storm is strengthened significantly and maintained, and then is quickly moved down to the storm bottom where the cyclonic vortex is strengthened significantly.After the cyclonic vortex reaches a particular intensity, tornadoes appear on the ground.

Key words: Multiple tornadoes, Environmental parameters, Small scale vortex, Shear

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