主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 7-13.doi:

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

从气象灾害防御到气象灾害风险管理的管理方法转变

王炜1   权循刚2   魏华2   

  1. 1. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津 300071;2. 天津市气象局,天津 300074
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-27 修回日期:2010-12-14 出版日期:2011-02-28 发布日期:2011-02-28

Change of management opinion from defense to risk management of meteorological disaster

WANG Wei1 QUAN Xun-gang2 WEI Hua2   

  1. 1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; 2. Tianjin Meteorological Bureau, Tianjin 300074, China
  • Received:2010-08-27 Revised:2010-12-14 Online:2011-02-28 Published:2011-02-28

摘要: 讨论气象灾害和气象灾害风险的重点研究对象。尝试性地将人类认识气象灾害的过程归纳为4个阶段:气象灾害的启蒙认识阶段、气象灾害的监测与预报阶段、气象灾害的减灾工程阶段和气象灾害的风险管理阶段。同时,引出了气象灾害和气象灾害风险的不同理念。以现在时刻为划分点,将过去已发生的灾害定义为气象灾害,将未来可能发生的灾害定义为气象灾害风险。最后建立了基于SWOT的远期气象灾害风险管理的分析方法,并提出了将人工影响天气作为气象灾害风险管理的气象工程手段的观点。

关键词: 气象灾害, 气象灾害风险, 灾害防御, 风险管理

Abstract: The objects of meteorological disaster and meteorological disaster risk were discussed. Based on the cognition process of human being to meteorological disaster, this process is divided into four stages, i.e. enlightenment, forecasting and monitoring, reducing disaster engineering and risk management. Meanwhile, opinions on the meteorological disasters and the meteorological disaster risk are introduced. The disaster already happened is defined as meteorological disaster, while the disaster that will happen in future is defined as meteorological disaster risk. Finally, the risk management method for long-dated meteorological disaster is set up based on SWOT method. At the same time, a new opinion is put up, namely, weather modification should be used as engineering measurement of meteorological disaster risk management.

Key words: Meteorological disaster, Meteorological disaster risk, Disaster defense, Risk management

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