东北城市群大气污染立体观测与研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.03.017

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 140-153.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.03.017

东北城市群大气污染立体观测与研究进展

李晓岚^1,^2,^3,⁴(),马雁军^1,*(),王扬锋¹,赵胡笳¹,洪也¹,刘宁微¹,张云海¹

1. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110166
2. 南京信息工程大学大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210044
3. 南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室
4. 南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏南京 210044

收稿日期:2022-02-11 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-07-25
通讯作者: 马雁军 E-mail:leexl.ouc@163.com;mayanjun0917@163.com
作者简介:李晓岚, 女, 1986年生, 研究员, 主要从事大气边界层与大气湍流、大气环境研究, E-mail: leexl.ouc@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0212301);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2018SYIAEZD4);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2022SYIAEJY03);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金(2023SYIAEKFZD01);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金(2023SYIAEKFMS02);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2020-MS-350);江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室开放基金项目(KHK2107)

Review on three-dimensional monitoring and research progress on air pollution in urban agglomerations of Northeast China

Xiao-lan LI^1,^2,^3,⁴(),Yan-jun MA^1,*(),Yang-feng WANG¹,Hu-jia ZHAO¹,Ye HONG¹,Ning-wei LIU¹,Yun-hai ZHANG¹

1. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110166, China
2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Nanjing 210044, China
4. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2022-02-11 Online:2023-06-28 Published:2023-07-25
Contact: Yan-jun MA E-mail:leexl.ouc@163.com;mayanjun0917@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于国家重点研发计划专项课题“哈长城市群大气复合污染立体监测技术体系”研究成果, 回顾了近年来在我国东北城市群大气污染立体监测、污染特征及成因机制研究方面取得的主要进展; 介绍了东北地区大气污染立体观测网的布局和建设, 总结了大气污染物时空分布特征和大气气溶胶光化学特性, 分析了大气边界层结构特征及其物理过程对大气污染生消的影响。最后指出东北城市群还需要加强PM_2.5和臭氧污染的协同控制以及气溶胶—边界层反馈机制对大气污染影响等方面的研究。

关键词: 东北城市群, 大气污染, 立体观测, 大气边界层, 成因机制

Abstract:

Based on the project achievements of the National Key R & D Program of China "Three-dimensional monitoring technology system for combined air pollution in Harbin-Changchun Urban Agglomeration", this paper reviewed the main processes of the three-dimensional observation, characteristics, and formation mechanism of air pollution in urban agglomerations of Northeast China in recent years.We introduced the distribution and development of a monitoring network of air pollution in this region, summarized the spatiotemporal characteristics of air pollutants, optical properties, and chemical composition of aerosols, and analyzed the structure and physical process of planetary boundary layer and their impact on the formation and evolution of air pollution.Finally, we pointed out that it still needs to strengthen the research on the joint control of PM_2.5 and ozone pollution and the impact of aerosol-PBL interaction mechanism on air pollution in urban agglomerations in Northeast China.

Key words: Urban agglomeration in Northeast China, Air pollution, Three-dimensional observation, Planetary boundary layer, Formation mechanism

中图分类号:

P429

李晓岚,马雁军,王扬锋,赵胡笳,洪也,刘宁微,张云海. 东北城市群大气污染立体观测与研究进展[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 140-153.

Xiao-lan LI,Yan-jun MA,Yang-feng WANG,Hu-jia ZHAO,Ye HONG,Ning-wei LIU,Yun-hai ZHANG. Review on three-dimensional monitoring and research progress on air pollution in urban agglomerations of Northeast China[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(3): 140-153.

图/表 12

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表1

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表2

2017—2019年秋冬季哈长城市群大气污染立体观测网主要观测仪器和观测内容"

站点类型	站点位置	观测仪器/型号	观测内容
城市站	吉林长春 (北海超级站)	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 .小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10 4.气溶胶化学成分组成监测仪/AIM3000T 5.有机碳/元素碳分析仪/RT-4 6.黑碳气溶胶监测仪/AE-31	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样 4.水溶性离子及NH₃, HNO₃等气体成分浓度 5.PM_2.5中的有机碳和元素碳质量浓度 6.黑碳气溶胶质量浓度
	吉林松原	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样
	黑龙江哈尔滨香坊区	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样
	黑龙江大庆	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样
郊区站	吉林长春东北地理所	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样
	吉林永吉	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样
	黑龙江哈尔滨松北区	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10 4.颗粒物监测激光雷达/深圳大舜DSL-A 5.微波辐射计/MP-3000A	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样 4.气溶胶消光系数廓线 5.气温、相对湿度、水汽密度和液态水含量廓线
	黑龙江绥化	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样
农村站	吉林榆树	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10 4.颗粒物监测激光雷达/深圳大舜DSL-A 5.微波辐射计/QFW-6000	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样 4.气溶胶消光系数廓线 5.气温、相对湿度、水汽密度和液态水含量廓线
	吉林四平	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.颗粒物监测激光雷达/深圳大舜DSL-A 4.微波辐射计/MWP967KV	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.气溶胶消光系数廓线 4.气温、相对湿度、水汽密度和液态水含量廓线
	黑龙江肇东	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样
	黑龙江宾县	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010 3.大流量采样器/丹东百特BTPM-HS10	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样 3.PM₁₀滤膜采样
背景站	吉林岗子	1.移动式空气质量监测仪/青岛和诚H6 2.小流量采样器/青岛和诚HC-1010	1.PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃质量浓度 2.PM_2.5滤膜采样

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站点	观测仪器	仪器型号	起始年份	观测内容
沈阳鞍山抚顺本溪	环境颗粒物分析仪	GRIMM-180	2006	PM₁、PM_2.5和PM₁₀质量浓度
	黑碳分析仪	AE-31	2006	黑碳质量浓度
	反应性气体分析仪	42c, 43c/42i, 43i	2006/2009	SO₂和NO₂质量浓度
	反应性气体分析仪	48i, 49i	2009	CO和O₃质量浓度
	能见度监测仪	FD12	2009	水平大气能见度
	太阳光度计	CE318	2009	气溶胶光学厚度、相函数、单词散射反照率、有效半径和体积浓度
沈阳	颗粒物监测仪	FH62C14	2009	PM₁₀和PM_2.5质量浓度
	在线气体组分及气溶胶监测系统	MARGA	2014	PM_2.5中的硫酸根、硝酸根、铵根等8种阴阳离子质量浓度
	单波段大气积分浊度仪	Aurora-1000	2014	颗粒物光散射系数
	大气颗粒物监测激光雷达	AGHJ-I-LIDAR	2015	气溶胶消光系数廓线
	过氧乙酰硝酸酯监测仪	PAN	2015	过氧乙酰硝酸酯(PAN)的质量浓度
	有机碳/元素碳分析仪	Sunset RT-4	2015	PM_2.5中有机碳/元素碳(OC/EC)的质量浓度
	四分量辐射仪	NR-Lite	2018	向上和向下的长短波辐射
	三波段大气积分浊度仪	Aurora-3000	2020	颗粒物光散射系数
	开路式CO₂/H₂O气体分析仪	LICOR-7500	2020	脉动量(u、v、w、H₂O、CO₂)
	大气挥发性有机物在线监测系统	AQMS-900VCM	2020	挥发性有机物(VOC)浓度
	微波辐射计	TK001	2020	气温、相对湿度、水汽密度和液态水含量垂直廓线

试验季节	观测时间	观测地点	观测内容
2016年秋冬季	2016年11月19日至12月6日和12月17—23日(共25 d)	沈阳	风速、风向、温度和相对湿度廓线
2018年秋冬季	2018年10月29日至12月8日(共41 d)	沈阳、长春、哈尔滨、榆树	风速、风向、温度和相对湿度廓线; PM₁、PM_2.5和PM₁₀质量浓度廓线
2020年冬季	2020年1月1—20日(共20 d)	沈阳、哈尔滨、长春	风速、风向、温度、相对湿度和气压廓线

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东北城市群大气污染立体观测与研究进展

Review on three-dimensional monitoring and research progress on air pollution in urban agglomerations of Northeast China

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