主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 154-160.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.03.018

• 快报 • 上一篇    下一篇

适用于海绵城市规划建设的北京城市副中心降水特征研究

杨若子1(),轩春怡1,*(),王冀1,杜吴鹏1,王华2   

  1. 1. 北京市气候中心, 北京 100089
    2. 北京市气象服务中心, 北京 100097
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-10 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 轩春怡 E-mail:ruoziyang@163.com;chunyixuan@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨若子, 女, 1987年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事气候变化和应用气候研究, E-mail: ruoziyang@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41901017);国家自然科学基金(41907398);北京市气象局科技项目(BMBKJ202202003、BMBKJ202301003);北京市气象局科技项目(BMBKJ202301003)

Study on precipitation characteristics of Beijing municipal administrative center suitable for sponge city planning and construction

Ruo-zi YANG1(),Chun-yi XUAN1,*(),Ji WANG1,Wu-peng DU1,Hua WANG2   

  1. 1. Beijing Municipal Climate Center, Beijing 100089, China
    2. Beijing Meteorological Service Center, Beijing 100097, China
  • Received:2022-06-10 Online:2023-06-28 Published:2023-07-25
  • Contact: Chun-yi XUAN E-mail:ruoziyang@163.com;chunyixuan@163.com

摘要:

利用气象观测站降水数据, 分析了北京城市副中心所在区域日降水的时空变化特征, 编制了适用于副中心的短历时暴雨强度公式, 最后计算了海绵城市建设的控制目标指标——年径流总量控制率。结果表明: 研究区降水量年际变化较大, 降水量最多与最少年差值可达684.0 mm, 年内降水量分布不均, 汛期6—9月降水量(415.3 mm)占全年总降水量的75%。汛期降水量、强度和频次的日变化均为单峰位相, 降水量和降水强度位相分布特征一致, 主峰值出现在22时, 主谷值出现在12时, 降水频次主峰值出现在04时, 主谷值出现在14时。降水量和强度的多年变化趋势在大部分时刻是一致的, 均在凌晨和下午时间段呈增加和变强的特点, 在上午、中午和夜间有减少和减弱的特点。空间分布上, 北京市副中心北部地区降水量峰值大都出现在夜间, 南部地区降水量峰值大都出现在清晨。对比新编暴雨强度公式和现行公式结果, 当重现期越大时, 新编公式对应的降水强度就越大。新编公式更加适应未来极端降水频发背景下的海绵城市设计和建设, 海绵城市建设控制指标——年径流总量控制率为80%和85%时, 对应的设计降水量为27.6 mm和33.9 mm。

关键词: 降水日变化, 暴雨强度, 年径流总量, 控制率

Abstract:

Based on precipitation data from the meteorological observation stations, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of daily precipitation in the area where the Beijing municipal administrative center is located were analyzed.The short duration rainstorm intensity formula suitable for Beijing municipal administrative center was compiled.Finally, the control target index for the construction of a sponge city in the sub-center, the total annual runoff control rate, was calculated.The results show that the annual variation of precipitation in the research area is large, the difference between the maximum precipitation and the minimum precipitation can reach 684.0 mm, and the annual precipitation distribution is uneven.The precipitation from June to September during the flood season (415.3 mm) accounts for 75% of the total precipitation in the whole year.The diurnal variation of precipitation, intensity, and frequency during flood season is a single peak pattern, and the distribution characteristics of precipitation and precipitation intensity are consistent.The main peak value appears at 22:00, the main valley value is at noon, the main peak value of precipitation frequency appears at 04:00, and the main valley value appears at 14:00.The multi-year variation trend of precipitation and intensity is consistent at most times, showing the characteristics of increasing and strengthening in the early morning and afternoon, and decreasing and weakening in the morning, noon and night.In terms of spatial distribution, most of the precipitation peaks in the north of the Beijing municipal administrative center occur at night, and most of the precipitation peaks in the south occur in the early morning.Comparing the results of the new rainstorm intensity formula with the current one, we can conclude that the larger the return period, the greater the precipitation intensity corresponding to the new formula.The new formula is more suitable for the design and construction of a sponge city under the background of frequent extreme precipitation in the future.When the control index of sponge city construction, the total annual runoff control rate, is 80% and 85%, the corresponding designed precipitation is 27.6 mm and 33.9 mm.

Key words: Daily variation of precipitation, Rainstorm intensity, Annual total runoff, Control rate

中图分类号: