2020年绥化地区一次超级单体龙卷及其环境特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.03.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Using the conventional data, regional automatic station data, FY-4 satellite cloud image, a new generation weather radar, and the ECMWF reanalysis data, the structural characteristics, formation process, and trigger mechanism of EF2 tornado in Suisheng Manchu town of Suihua city in Heilongjiang province on August 9, 2020, were analyzed.The results show that the tornado occurs under the background of the southwest airflow at 500 hPa in the front of the northeast cold vortex bottom, the warm shear line in the lower level, and the warm front on the ground.The dry transport in the middle layer is conducive to the sinking airflow, the warm and wet airflow in the lower layer and the divergence in the upper layer strengthen the rise of the airflow, and the enhanced horizontal vorticity forms a vortex tube under the action of strong vertical wind shear in the lower layer, providing favorable environmental conditions for the occurrence of tornadoes.The smaller the temperature lapse rate in the lower layer, the larger the convection suppression energy and the two convergence lines on the ground trigger the formation of supercells together.Different from previous tornado processes in Heilongjiang province, the convective effective potential energy of this tornado weather is low, the convective suppression energy is large, and there is no mainline trigger.The medium intensity and deep mesocyclone develops from 0.5° elevation to the middle level and strengthens, and the maintenance time is about 50 minutes.When the rotation speed of the mesocyclone in the middle level exceeded that of the low level, the tornado is generated.

Key words: Tornado, Supercell, Environmental conditions, Trigger mechanism

CLC Number:

P458

Ying-xu WU,Yi ZHOU,Ning ZHAO,Chen LUAN,Li-bao ZHANG,Mei-ling ZHAO,Kang-long CAI,Guang-na ZHAO. Characteristics and physical condition analyses of a supercell tornado in the Suihua area in 2020[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(3): 10-19.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 25

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体扫结束时间	旋转速度/(m·s^-1)
体扫结束时间	0.5°仰角	1.4°仰角
11:25	14.50	11.00
11:31	15.00	9.50
11:37	16.00	13.00
11:42	15.00	15.00
11:48	17.00	19.00
11:53	19.25	23.25
11:59	16.50	16.00
12:05	15.00	14.00

站点	0~1 km/(m·s^-1)	0~3 km/(m·s^-1)	0~6 km/(m·s^-1)	抬升凝结高度/m
哈尔滨	14	17	20	933.2

编号	2005.07.16	2006.06.02	2006.07.13	2008.05.23	2010.05.15	2014.07.19
高空系统	涡底槽前	涡底槽线附近	涡底槽线附近	涡底槽前	涡底槽线附近	涡底槽线附近
地面系统	暖锋	冷锋	暖区(靠近暖锋)	暖区(靠近冷锋)	冷锋	暖区(冷锋前)
龙卷相对位置	干线前	干线上	干线前	干线前	干线前	干线前
垂直风切变(0~ 1 km)/(m·s^-1)	9.5	19.5	11.1	14.9	14.8	8.7
CAPE(订正值)/(J·kg^-1)	2955	887	1376	1812	447	2536.7
TCL/hPa	929	827	954	910	977	867.5
T_△75/℃	21	19	17	17	19	18
T_△85/℃	33	33	28	27	23	25

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Characteristics and physical condition analyses of a supercell tornado in the Suihua area in 2020

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