2019年7月3日辽宁开原超强龙卷形成及演变特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.02.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on multi-source observations with the high spatiotemporal resolution, synoptic situation, and environmental physical parameters, the formation and development mechanisms of an EF4-level strong tornado (Kaiyuan tornado for short) occurred in Kaiyuan of Liaoning province on July 3, 2019, were analyzed.The results show that the Kaiyuan tornado occurs in the southwest quadrant of the northeast cold vortex, on the south side of the 850 hPa shear line, and in the warm and humid environment of the southwest airflow on the ground.The temperature difference between ground and 925 hPa reaches 11 ℃, and the vertical lapse rate of the near-ground temperature is large.The system configuration has the characteristics of dry and cold above and warm and wet below.Under the influence of low level warm and wet air, the convective suppression energy is close to zero in the area around Kaiyuan, which is conducive to the occurrence of strong convective weather.Kaiyuan tornado appears in the rear end of the northeast cold vortex cloud system, and in the rapid growth period of convective cloud, it is in the northern boundary of the rapid cooling area.Doppler radar shows a typical supercell echo.The tornado appears at the top of the hook echo and the junction of updraft on the left of the strong echo gradient area.

Key words: Northeast cold vortex, Convective available potential energy(CAPE), Vertical wind shear, Supercell, Hook echo

CLC Number:

P445⁺.1

Yu CHEN, Shi-teng CAO, Chuan-lei CHEN, Ying WANG, Yei YANG, Chao YUAN, Xue YANG, Chao JIANG, Qi-lin ZHANG, Man-li WU. Analysis of the formation and evolution of super tornado occurred in Kaiyuan of Liaoning province on July 3, 2019[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(2): 11-19.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 1

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

References 27

1	李彩玲, 黄先香, 蔡康龙, 等. 2019年中国龙卷等对流大风过程及灾情特征[J]. 气象科技进展, 2020, 10 (1): 7- 14. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2020.01.003
2	魏文秀, 赵亚民. 中国龙卷风的若干特征[J]. 气象, 1995, 21 (5): 36- 40.
3	薛德强, 杨成芳. 山东省龙卷风发生的气候特征[J]. 山东气象, 2003, 23 (4): 9- 11. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0582.2003.04.003
4	黄先香, 俞小鼎, 炎利军, 等. 珠江三角洲台风龙卷的活动特征及环境条件分析[J]. 气象, 2019, 45 (6): 777- 790.
5	俞小鼎, 王迎春, 陈明轩, 等. 新一代天气雷达与强对流天气预警[J]. 高原气象, 2005, 24 (3): 456- 464. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0534.2005.03.025
6	方丽娟, 姬菊枝, 陶国辉, 等. 一次超级单体风暴中龙卷的天气过程分析及龙卷强度判定[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2009, 18 (2): 167- 172. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4574.2009.02.027
7	俞小鼎, 郑媛媛, 张爱民, 等. 安徽一次强烈龙卷的多普勒天气雷达分析[J]. 高原气象, 2006, 25 (5): 914- 924. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0534.2006.05.020
8	郑媛媛, 朱红芳, 方翔, 等. 强龙卷超级单体风暴特征分析与预警研究[J]. 高原气象, 2009, 28 (3): 617- 625.
9	姚叶青, 俞小鼎, 郝莹, 等. 两次强龙卷过程的环境背景场和多普勒雷达资料的对比分析[J]. 热带气象学报, 2007, 23 (5): 483- 490. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4965.2007.05.009
10	王毅, 郑媛媛, 张晓美, 等. 夏季安徽槽前形势下龙卷和非龙卷型强对流天气的环境条件对比研究[J]. 气象, 2012, 38 (12): 1473- 1481.
11	王秀明, 俞小鼎, 周小刚. 中国东北龙卷研究: 环境特征分析[J]. 气象学报, 2015, 73 (3): 425- 441.
12	王霁吟, 陈宝君, 宋金杰, 等. 基于再分析资料的我国龙卷发生环境和通用龙卷指标[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2015, 20 (4): 411- 420.
13	王婷婷, 孙妍, 付冬雪, 等. 东北冷涡背景下雷暴大风和龙卷形成机制的对比分析[J]. 气象灾害防御, 2017, 24 (3): 30- 36.
14	王婷婷, 王宁, 姚瑶, 等. 东北冷涡背景下两类龙卷形成机制的对比分析[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2017, 33 (6): 9- 15.
15	王宁, 王婷婷, 张硕, 等. 东北冷涡背景下一次龙卷过程的观测分析[J]. 应用气象学报, 2014, 25 (4): 463- 469.
16	张晰莹, 吴迎旭, 张礼宝. 利用卫星、雷达资料分析龙卷发生的环境条件[J]. 气象, 2013, 39 (6): 728- 737.
17	刘宁微, 马雁军, 刘晓梅, 等. 辽宁省"05-6"龙卷风过程的诊断与数值模拟[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2007, 16 (5): 84- 90.
18	金巍, 曲岩, 安来友. 超级单体引发的龙卷天气过程分析[J]. 气象, 2009, 35 (3): 36- 41.36-41, 后插5-6
19	张涛, 关良, 郑永光, 等. 2019年7月3日辽宁开原龙卷灾害现场调查及其所揭示的龙卷演变过程[J]. 气象, 2020, 46 (5): 603- 617.
20	郑永光, 蓝渝, 曹艳察, 等. 2019年7月3日辽宁开原EF4级强龙卷形成条件、演变特征和机理[J]. 气象, 2020, 46 (5): 589- 602.
21	俞小鼎, 姚秀萍, 熊廷南, 等. 多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2006: 130- 145.
22	张培昌, 杜秉玉, 戴铁丕. 雷达气象学[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2001: 396- 397.
23	杨磊, 王瀛, 孙丽, 等. 辽宁地区LAPS系统及其在暴雨个例中的应用[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2017, 33 (6): 1- 8.
24	Grams J S , Thompson R L , Snively D V , et al. A climatology and comparison of parameters for significant tornado events in the United States[J]. Weather and Forecasting, 2012, 27 (1): 106- 123.
25	杨磊, 才奎志, 孙丽, 等. 基于葵花8号卫星资料的沈阳两次暴雨过程中对流云特征对比分析[J]. 暴雨灾害, 2020, 39 (2): 125- 135.
26	杨磊, 孙丽, 王东东, 等. 2017年"海棠"台风影响辽宁不同区域极端暴雨成因分析[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2020, 36 (1): 1- 10.
27	Davies-Jones R, Trapp R J, Bluestein H B, et al. Tornadoes and tornadic storms[M]//Doswell C A. Severe Convective Storms. Boston, MA, USA: American Meteorological Society, 2001.

对流参数	参考值	订正前 (08:00)	订正后 (17:00)
CAPE/(J·kg^-1)	1000	408	3800
CIN/(J·kg^-1)	—	288	61.8
LCL/m	800~1000	881	881
ΔT₈₅/℃	30~33	29.5	29.5
ΔT₇₅/℃	20~22	15	15

[1]	Shiteng CAO,Lei YANG,Yu CHEN,Li SUN,Yuxuan LENG,Chao JIANG,Xue YANG. Characteristics of spatio-temporal distribution and environmental parameters of Cold Vortex thunderstorm gales in Liaoning province from 2017 to 2021 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(4): 65-73.
[2]	Ying-xu WU,Yi ZHOU,Ning ZHAO,Chen LUAN,Li-bao ZHANG,Mei-ling ZHAO,Kang-long CAI,Guang-na ZHAO. Characteristics and physical condition analyses of a supercell tornado in the Suihua area in 2020 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(3): 10-19.
[3]	Liang-peng DONG,Ping-ping ZHANG. Comparison of abnormalism of meteorological factors on two extreme precipitations triggered by low vortex in Hubei province in 2020 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2022, 38(6): 20-28.
[4]	Shi-bo GENG,Kui-zhi CAI,Ying WANG,Fu-ran ZHOU,Guang-liang XIAO,Hai-liang HUANG,Xiao-ling CHAI. Observational analysis of EF4 tornadic supercell storm in Kaiyuan of Liaoning province on July 3, 2019 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2022, 38(3): 1-10.
[5]	Li REN, Chen LUAN, Xiao-xue WANG, Yue ZHANG. Causes and characteristics of a persistent rainstorm event in warm front of a cold vortex [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2022, 38(3): 37-44.
[6]	Qi YAN, Shuang LI, Jing-long LU, Fang-da TENG. Characteristics of the continuous cold vortex over Northeast China from 1979 to 2019 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2022, 38(2): 40-45.
[7]	Yan-jie LIU,Qing-chuan WANG,Min XU,He-ling ZHOU. Characteristics and causes of a high precipitation supercell in Beijing in May of 2019 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(4): 9-17.
[8]	Xu ZHANG,Bao-li SUN,Jia-ning BAI,Dan-mei ZHANG,Ke SUN,Xiao-tong YANG,Zhen-yu ZHAO,Xi-long NING. Evaluation of multi-model precipitation forecast of Northeast Cold Vortex in Fuxin [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(3): 19-24.
[9]	Duan-yu ZHANG, Fei-yang WANG, Jin-tao YE. Characteristics of rainstorms in central Huanghuai area influenced by a landing tropical cyclone "Rumbia" in 2018 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2020, 36(6): 10-20.
[10]	XU Lu-lu, LI Qian, LI Hui-lin, HAN Mei, LUO Jian-yu, MENG Xin. Multi-scale comparative analysis of two hail events in Dandong in September 2018 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(6): 1-7.
[11]	YAO Jing, JING Yu, LIU Yong, ZHAO Qiang, WANG Nan. Analyses of the mechanisms of the first regional snowstorm associated with an “Elevated Thunderstorm” over Shaanxi province in 2016 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2018, 34(6): 24-32.
[12]	LIU Xi-wen, LI De-qin, WEI Hui-hong, XU Shuang-zhu, GOU A-ning. Environmental and radar echoes characteristic analysis of two thunderstorm gale processes in Hubei province in 2013 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2018, 34(1): 1-10.
[13]	WANG Ting-ting, WANG Ning, YAO Yao, ZHANG Meng-yuan, FU Dong-xue, YANG Xue-yan. Comparison analysis of formation mechanisms of two tornado cases under the background of Northeast Cold Vortex [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2017, 33(6): 9-15.
[14]	GUO Hong-ming, LI Jiang-bo, LI Yang, LI Zong-tao. Research on the propagation characteristics and early warning of a multi-cell windstorm [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2017, 33(4): 1-10.
[15]	SHEN Yang, SHEN An-yun, SU Hang, XIONG Shi-wei, YAN Wen-lian. Causes analysis on a large-range dense fog event in the winter of 2016 over Jiangsu province [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2017, 33(4): 11-20.

Analysis of the formation and evolution of super tornado occurred in Kaiyuan of Liaoning province on July 3, 2019

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 27

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 10