2017—2021年辽宁省冷涡型雷暴大风时空分布及环境参数特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.04.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Using the data from automatic weather station, lightning locator, FengYun-2G satellite and ERA5 reanalysis data in Liaoning province from 2017 to 2021, the spatial-temporal distribution and environmental conditions of thunderstorm strong wind under different weather systems were analyzed.The results show that the cold vortex system is the most important weather system leading to thunderstorm strong winds in Liaoning province, accounting for 62% of all strong winds.Cold vortex thunderstorm strong winds are mainly concentrated in the central plain of Liaoning province, where cold vortex-induced thunderstorm strong winds account for 90% of all thunderstorm strong winds.Thunderstorm strong winds occur intensively from May to September, most frequently occurring from afternoon to evening.The environmental conditions of different seasonal thunderstorm strong winds vary with seasons.In spring and autumn, the thunderstorm strong winds correspond to stronger temperature differences at various levels, vertical wind shear and storm-bearing wind speeds.In the summer, the thunderstorm strong winds occur corresponding to abundant water vapor conditions, stronger near-surface evaporation, mid-level dry air intrusion and significant thermal convection feature.Compared with non-cold vortex systems, under the cold vortex background, the low-level to 500 hPa temperature difference and storm-bearing wind speeds are greater, the mid-low layer is drier, and the vertical wind shear and convective available potential energy are stronger.Among the four quadrants of the cold vortex, thunderstorm strong winds often occur in the southeast and southwest quadrants, accounting for 77.9% and 18.5% respectively.There are differences in the environmental conditions corresponding to the thunderstorm strong winds in the two quadrants.The southeast quadrant has more abundant water vapor conditions and stronger instability.The mid-low layer is drier in the southwest quadrant, and the temperature difference between surface and 500 hPa and the downdraft convective available potential energy are greater.

Key words: Northeast Cold Vortex, Vertical wind shear, Convective available potential energy

CLC Number:

P427.3/P425

Shiteng CAO, Lei YANG, Yu CHEN, Li SUN, Yuxuan LENG, Chao JIANG, Xue YANG. Characteristics of spatio-temporal distribution and environmental parameters of Cold Vortex thunderstorm gales in Liaoning province from 2017 to 2021[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(4): 65-73.

Figures/Tables 8

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项目	东南象限	西南象限	东北象限	西北象限
站次/次数	1670	396	60	17
百分比/(%)	77.9	18.5	2.8	0.8

物理量	平均值		中位数		25%分位点		75%分位点
物理量	东南	西南	东南	西南	东南	西南	东南	西南
PWV/mm	33.6	31.7	31.7	31.1	24.1	15.4	41.6	41.5
850~700 hPa最大相对湿度/(%)	78.8	78.1	80.4	75.7	69.1	68.9	89.9	87.1
地面与500 hPa温度差/℃	36.8	38.1	36.6	38.8	34.1	35.4	39.3	41.2
850 hPa与500 hPa温度差/℃	28.5	28.0	28.2	28.5	26.8	26.2	29.9	29.7
CAPE/(J·kg^-1)	1041.8	778.8	811.6	530.5	337.6	97.3	1537.8	1382.5
500~400 hPa最低相对湿度/(%)	59.7	42.5	60.1	38.6	41.3	14.7	81.1	67.0
850 hPa以下最低相对湿度/(%)	67.1	54.0	69.4	47.6	56.8	37.2	80.6	70.1
DCAPE/(J·kg^-1)	726.7	765.2	694.6	715.7	501.3	618.9	947.2	895.2
0~1 km风矢量差/(m·s^-1)	8.8	6.5	8.4	6.5	5.7	3.3	11.3	9.2
0~6 km风矢量差/(m·s^-1)	17.7	17.6	17.2	16.8	14.0	12.2	20.9	22.3
925~500 hPa平均风/(m·s^-1)	14.1	12.4	13.7	14.1	11.7	7.5	17.2	16.3

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Characteristics of spatio-temporal distribution and environmental parameters of Cold Vortex thunderstorm gales in Liaoning province from 2017 to 2021

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