主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 162-168.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.04.020

• 快报 • 上一篇    

1991—2020年河北省倒春寒时空特征及气象指标分析

童俊1(),孟旭芹1,赵亮2,张晓辉1,彭九慧1,*(),李婷2   

  1. 1. 承德市气象局, 河北承德 067000
    2. 河北省气象灾害防御和环境气象中心, 河北石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-26 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 彭九慧 E-mail:844741581@qq.com;pengjiuhui@163.com
  • 作者简介:童俊, 男, 1989年生, 工程师, 主要从事气象服务与气象灾害防御研究, E-mail: 844741581@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省气象局科研项目(19ky24);承德市基础研究项目(202205B065)

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of late spring coldness and its meteorological indexes in Hebei province during 1991-2020

Jun TONG1(),Xuqin MENG1,Liang ZHAO2,Xiaohui ZHANG1,Jiuhui PENG1,*(),Ting LI2   

  1. 1. Chengde Meteorological Service of Hebei Province, Chengde 067000, China
    2. Hebei Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Environmental Meteorological Center, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
  • Received:2022-09-26 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-09-23
  • Contact: Jiuhui PENG E-mail:844741581@qq.com;pengjiuhui@163.com

摘要:

选用1991—2020年河北省76个国家气象站3—5月日气温数据,应用Mann-Kendall检验、空间插值和线性回归等方法,分析河北省倒春寒时空分布特征。结果表明:《倒春寒气象指标》筛选倒春寒过程的准确率为63.6%,适用性较好。1991—2020年河北省共发生倒春寒2094次,其中轻度次数最多,中度次之,重度最少;空间分布为轻度由南向北递增,中—重度从中部向南北两端递增,北部高原和山区最多。倒春寒发生次数年际变化为下降趋势,河北中部降幅最明显。轻度倒春寒总持续天数从东北向西南递减,中—重度从北部高原、燕山山区、太行山区向平原递减;河北南部和中部倒春寒总持续天数年际变化为下降趋势。日最低气温由南向北呈阶梯式下降,河北北部远低于南部和中部。日最大降温幅度3月和5月由南向北呈阶梯式下降。河北中部4月9—12日发生中—重度倒春寒次数较多,河北北部5月上旬倒春寒总次数和中—重度次数均较多。

关键词: 气温, 持续天数, 最低气温, 降温幅度

Abstract:

Using the observational data of daily temperature from 76 national meteorological stations in Hebei province from March to May during 1991-2020, the spatial and temporal characteristics of late spring coldness were analyzed using the methods of Mann-Kendall test, GIS spatial interpolation and linear regression.The results showed that the accuracy of "Meteorological index of late spring coldness" in screening the process of late spring coldness was 63.6%, with satisfied applicability.The number of late spring coldness occurrence was 2094 from 1991 to 2020 in Hebei province, with the mild occurring the most, followed by moderate, and the severe occurring the least.In terms of the spatial distribution, the number of the mild late spring coldness increased from south to north, the moderate-severe increased from the middle to the north and the south, with the most distributed in the northern plateaus and mountains.The inter-annual variation of late spring coldness showed a downward trend, with the most obvious decline happening in central Hebei province.In terms of total duration days, the mild decreased from northeast to southwest, and moderate-severe decreased from the northern plateau, Yanshan mountain area, Taihang mountains to the plains.The inter-annual variation of total duration days of late spring coldness in southern and central Hebei province showed a downward trend.The daily minimum temperature decreased in a stepwise manner from south to north, with minimum temperature in the north of Hebei province far below the south and central of Hebei province.The degree of daily temperature reduction decreased in a stepwise manner from south to north in March and May.In central Hebei province, the number of moderate-severe late spring coldness was large from April 9 to 12, while in the north of Hebei province, the total number of late spring coldness and the number of moderate-severe in early May were relatively high.

Key words: Air temperature, Total duration days, Daily minimum temperature, Amplitude of temperature reduction

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