主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 26-36.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2024.03.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆明PM2.5质量浓度演变特征与潜在源扩散模拟分析

李中杰1(),严长安2,李亚丽1,张大为1,史建武3,*()   

  1. 1. 昆明市生态环境科学研究院, 云南昆明 650032
    2. 云南省生态环境科学研究院, 云南昆明 650032
    3. 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 云南昆明 650032
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-23 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2024-08-09
  • 通讯作者: 史建武 E-mail:281266654@qq.com;shijianwu2000@sina.com
  • 作者简介:李中杰, 男, 1983年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事环境科学、生态学和双碳战略方面研究, E-mail: 281266654@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21966016);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202105AC160015)

Study of PM2.5 mass concentration evolution and potential source diffusion simulation in Kunming

Zhongjie LI1(),Chang'an YAN2,Yali LI1,Dawei ZHANG1,Jianwu SHI3,*()   

  1. 1. Kunming Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming 650032, China
    2. Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming 650032, China
    3. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
  • Received:2023-01-23 Online:2024-06-28 Published:2024-08-09
  • Contact: Jianwu SHI E-mail:281266654@qq.com;shijianwu2000@sina.com

摘要:

基于2016—2020年昆明地区近地面PM2.5质量浓度逐时监测数据、同期气象数据, 分析PM2.5质量浓度变化特征与气象因素的相关性, 利用后向轨迹模型研究昆明地区PM2.5传输路径、污染轨迹季节特征及其潜在源区分布。结果表明: PM2.5质量浓度年内均呈现先升后降、峰陡谷平波动变化的态势, 整体呈现为春冬季节高于秋夏季节57.4%, 日内呈现夜间相对稳定而昼间变化幅度大且夜间浓度显著高于白天; PM2.5质量浓度与气温、风速呈现显著负相关, 相关系数分别为-0.60和-0.13, 与气压呈现显著正相关(R=0.44, P < 0.01)。昆明地区气流轨迹来源方向存在季节性差异, 其中春季、冬季轨迹来源较为集中, 主要来自西南方向, 分别为86.8%和48.7%, 夏季、秋季以南部为中心呈散射状分布; 除夏季、秋季到达昆明地区的所有气流均为清洁气流外, 春季的传输路径较远且贡献源区范围较大, 中国云南省中部(玉溪市)和西南部(楚雄州、普洱市)以及孟加拉国西北部、缅甸北部的部分区域是昆明地区PM2.5质量浓度的最主要贡献区域, 冬季高值覆盖范围和贡献程度均小于春季, 仅在云南省中南部(玉溪市、红河州)呈点状分布。

关键词: PM2.5, 后向轨迹, 传输路径, 潜在源区

Abstract:

Based on the hourly monitoring data of near-surface PM2.5 mass concentration and the meteorological data of the same period in Kunming area from 2016 to 2020, the correlation between the variation characteristics of PM2.5 mass concentration and meteorological factors was analyzed, and the seasonal characteristics of PM2.5 transport path and pollution track and the distribution of potential source areas were studied by using the backward trajectory model. The results showed that the mass concentration of PM2.5 increased first and then decreased and fluctuated peak-valley throughout the year. The overall concentration was 57.4% higher in spring and winter than in autumn and summer, and relatively stable at night, while the variation range was large in daytime, and the concentration at night was significantly higher than that in daytime (22.6%). The mass concentration of PM2.5 was negatively correlated with air temperature and wind speed, the correlation coefficients were -0.60 and -0.13, respectively, and was positively correlated with air pressure (R=0.44, P < 0.01). There were seasonal differences in the source direction of airflow trajectories in Kunming area. The sources of spring and winter trajectories were concentrated, mainly from the southwest, and scattered in summer and autumn centered on the south. Except for all the airflows arriving in Kunming area in summer and autumn are clean airflow, the transmission path in spring is far and the contribution source area is large. The central part of Yunnan province (Yuxi city), the southwest Yunnan province (Chuxiong prefecture, Puer city) and parts of northwestern Bangladesh and northern Myanmar are the most important contributors to PM2.5 quality concentrations in Kunming area, and the coverage and contribution degree of high values in winter are smaller than those in spring, and are only distributed in dots in south-central Yunnan province (Yuxi city, Honghe prefecture).

Key words: PM2.5, Backward trajectory, Transport pathway, Potential source

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