主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 84-94.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.04.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015—2020年渤海西海岸雾的海陆分布差异成因分析

靳振华1,2(),吴彬贵2,3,*(),廖云琛4,龙强5,卜清军1   

  1. 1. 天津市滨海新区气象局, 天津滨海新区 300450
    2. 天津市海洋气象重点实验室, 天津 300074
    3. 天津市气象科学研究所, 天津 300074
    4. 天津市津南区气象局, 天津津南区 300350
    5. 唐山市曹妃甸工业区气象局, 河北唐山 063200
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-13 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 吴彬贵 E-mail:jinzhenhua2009@163.com;tjwbgtjwbg@126.com
  • 作者简介:靳振华, 女, 1984年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事海雾预报预警技术研究, E-mail: jinzhenhua2009@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42205009);国家自然科学基金项目(42205092);环渤海区域科技协同创新基金项目(QYXM202112);环渤海区域科技协同创新基金项目(QYXM202202);天津市气象局项目(202226dgxm05);天津市应用基础研究项目(22JCQNJC00370);河北省气象局科研开发项目预报员专项(19ky33)

Analysis of the causes of differences between sea and land distribution of fog on the west coast of the Bohai Sea from 2015 to 2020

Zhenhua JIN1,2(),Bingui WU2,3,*(),Yunchen LIAO4,Qiang LONG5,Qingjun PU1   

  1. 1. Meteorological Service in Binhai New Area of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
    2. Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology, Tianjin 300074, China
    3. Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China
    4. Meteorological Service in Jinnan District of Tianjin, Tianjin 300350, China
    5. Meteorological Service in Caofeidian Industrial Zone of Tangshan, Hebei 063200, China
  • Received:2021-12-13 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-09-23
  • Contact: Bingui WU E-mail:jinzhenhua2009@163.com;tjwbgtjwbg@126.com

摘要:

利用2015—2020年渤海西海岸陆地和近海加密自动站、再分析资料和卫星反演雾资料,分析该地区海陆雾时空分布特征,选择一次典型个例开展敏感性数值实验。结果表明:渤海西海岸秋季、冬季陆雾多于海雾,而春季、夏季相反,虽然冬季海雾和陆雾数量最多且变化趋势一致,但分布仍具有显著的局地性;渤海西海岸雾以海岸线为界的频率大于53%,多出现在夜间,持续时间也多低于12 h。个例分析表明,海陆风环流将海上暖湿空气输送至内陆低空,湿度快速增大至近饱和,弱冷空气入侵和夜间长波辐射降温共同作用,导致内陆大雾形成。而海温较高、海洋大气降温缓慢,难以形成海雾;海温敏感试验结果也表明,海温增加5%后,控制实验中略微进入近海的雾区基本回退到海岸线以西,海温降低5%后,陆雾蔓延至整个渤海并维持,高海温是本次陆雾未扩展入海的关键因素。

关键词: 海雾, 陆雾, 海陆风, 垂直环流, 海温

Abstract:

Using encrypted automatic stations, reanalysis data and satellite fog retrieval data, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of sea and land fog on the west coast of Bohai Sea from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed, and a typical case was selected to carry out sensitivity numerical experiments.The results show that the number of land fog is greater than that of the sea fog in autumn and winter on the west coast of Bohai Sea.The opposite results are true in spring and summer.Although the amount of sea fog and land fog in winter are the largest and the variation trend is the same, the distribution of land and sea fog still have significant local characteristics.The probability of fog bounded by the coastline on the west coast of Bohai Sea is more than 53%, most of them occur at the night, and the duration time is less than 12 h.The case analysis shows that the sea and land wind circulation transport the warm and humid air from the sea to the low altitude of the inland, the humidity increases rapidly to near saturation, and the weak cold air intrusion and the cooling due to the long wave radiation at night work together, leading to the formation of the inland fog.However, the sea fog is difficult to form due to high sea surface temperature (SST) and slow cooling of ocean atmosphere.The results of the SST sensitivity test also show that when the SST increases by 5%, the fog area that slightly enters the offshore area in the control experiment basically rewinds to the west of the coastline, and when the SST decreases by 5%, the land fog spreads to the whole Bohai Sea and maintains.High SST is the key factor that the land fog does not expand into the sea.

Key words: Sea fog, Land fog, Sea and land wind, Vertical circulation, Sea surface temperature (SST)

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