主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 103-113.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.04.013

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961—2019年中国东北地区夏季降水特征及其与前期ENSO的关系

孟鑫1(),张瑜2,赵婷婷3,王迪4,马云龙1,张旭1   

  1. 1. 丹东市气象台, 辽宁丹东 118000
    2. 地理信息工程国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710054
    3. 辽阳市气象台, 辽宁辽阳 111000
    4. 辽宁省气象服务中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-18 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-09-23
  • 作者简介:孟鑫, 女, 1987年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事短期气候预测, E-mail: mengxinxin0810@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目(91937301)

Characteristics of summer precipitation and its relationship with previous ENSO in Northeast China from 1961 to 2019

Xin MENG1(),Yu ZHANG2,Tingting ZHAO3,Di WANG4,Yunlong MA1,Xu ZHANG1   

  1. 1. Dandong Meteorological Observatory, Dandong 118000, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Engineering, Xi'an 710054, China
    3. Liaoyang Meteorological Observatory, Liaoyang 111000, China
    4. Meteorological Service Center of Liaoning province, Shenyang 110166, China
  • Received:2022-08-18 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-09-23

摘要:

选用1961—2019年中国东北地区204个站日降水量资料、NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料及美国国家气候预测中心(CPC)提供的Niño3.4指数,利用相关分析、小波分析、M-K突变、合成分析等方法,分析东北地区夏季降水变化特征,探讨其与前期厄尔尼诺—南方涛动(El Niño-Southern Oscillation,ENSO)的联系。结果表明:中国东北地区夏季年降水量呈递减趋势,以2.39 mm/10 a速率减少,空间变化呈西南部减少、东北部增加趋势,辽宁地区减少趋势最显著。夏季降水存在显著的2~3 a、6~7 a和8~9 a振荡周期。1961—1982年和1998—2019年为相对干旱时期,1983—1997年为相对湿润时期,突变年份为1983年和1998年。中国东北地区夏季降水与前一年夏季ENSO关系密切,1997—2019年二者呈显著的正相关。1997—2019年,前一年夏季Niño3.4区海温异常变化,引起水汽输送异常和局地垂直运动变化,对东北地区夏季降水产生显著影响,Niño3.4指数可以作为次年中国东北地区夏季降水的预测因子。

关键词: 年代际变化, 海温异常, 降水量

Abstract:

Using the daily precipitation data at 204 meteorological stations in Northeast China, monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, and Niño3.4 index provided by the National Climate Prediction Center (CPC) of the United States, the variation characteristics of summer precipitation as well as its relationship with the previous ENSO in Northeast China were analyzed by correlation analysis, wavelet analysis, M-K mutation, composite analysis and other methods.The results show that the annual precipitation in summer shows a decreasing trend at the rate of 2.39 mm/10 a in Northeast China.It decreases in southwest and increases in northeast.The highest decreasing rate occurs in Liaoning region.Summer precipitation has significant oscillation periods of 2~3 a, 6~7 a and 8~9 a.1961 to 1982 and 1998 to 2019 are relatively dry periods, 1983 to 1997 are relatively wet periods, and the abrupt change years are 1983 and 1998.Summer precipitation in Northeast China is closely related to the summer ENSO of the previous year, and there is a significant positive correlation between the two from 1997 to 2019.From 1997 to 2019, SST anomaly changes in Niño3.4 region in the previous summer caused water vapor transport anomaly and local vertical movement changes, which has a significant impact on summer precipitation in Northeast China.Niño3.4 index can be used as a predictor of summer precipitation in Northeast China in the following year.

Key words: Interdecadal variability, Sea surface temperature anomaly, Precipitation

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