主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 17-24.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.04.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于多源数据的2021年3月呼和浩特严重沙尘污染天气特征分析

王俊秀1(),王俊杰2,韩仙桃1,杨彩云1,*(),姜学恭3,李蓉1,张克文1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市气象局, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010020
    2. 遂宁市气象局, 四川遂宁 629000
    3. 内蒙古自治区气象台, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010000
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-26 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 杨彩云 E-mail:junxiuwang12@163.com;y15047882982@163.com
  • 作者简介:王俊秀, 女, 1990年生, 工程师, 主要从事天气预报、大气环境研究, E-mail: junxiuwang12@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41965003);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS04026);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS04026);内蒙古自治区气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202202)

Characterization analysis of the severe dust pollution event in Hohhot in March 2021 based on multi-source data

Junxiu WANG1(),Junjie WANG2,Xiantao HAN1,Caiyun YANG1,*(),Xuegong JIANG3,Rong LI1,Kewen ZHANG1   

  1. 1. Hohhot Meteorological Service in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010020, China
    2. Suining Meteorological Service, Suining 629000, China
    3. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Observatory, Hohhot 010000
  • Received:2022-02-26 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-09-23
  • Contact: Caiyun YANG E-mail:junxiuwang12@163.com;y15047882982@163.com

摘要:

利用常规气象观测资料、颗粒物监测及激光雷达探测数据,采用天气学分析、空气质量轨迹追踪模型,对2021年3月呼和浩特市发生的一次严重沙尘污染天气成因及传输特征进行分析。结果表明:此次污染过程有两次污染物浓度峰值,可分为两个阶段。3月14—15日受高空低槽和地面冷锋共同影响,呼和浩特市出现大风、扬沙、沙尘暴和强沙尘暴天气,PM2.5在15日03:00升至1382 μg·m-3,严重污染时间长达15 h;3月16—18日高空为弱脊后西南偏西气流,地面气压场减弱,近地面扩散条件较差,发生污染物积累和沙尘回流,导致严重污染长时间持续。激光雷达数据表明,3月14日白天呼和浩特高空有大量细粒子聚集,15日凌晨该地区首要污染物由PM2.5转为PM10,12:00 PM10浓度升至4099 μg·m-3,16日沙尘回流,再次出现严重污染;17日污染物浓度开始降低,18日05:00此次沙尘天气结束。后向轨迹分析表明,蒙古国为此次严重沙尘污染的主要源区。

关键词: 激光雷达, 消光系数, 退偏比, 后向轨迹

Abstract:

Using conventional meteorological data, particulate matter monitoring and laser radar detection data, the causes and transmission characteristics of a severe sandstorm weather event in Hohhot in March 2021 were analyzed by methods of weather analysis, and air quality trajectory tracking models.The results showed that there were two peaks of pollutant concentration during this pollution process, which can be divided into two stages.From March 14 to 15, under the combined influence of an upper-level trough and a surface cold front, Hohhot experienced strong winds, blowing sand, sandstorms, and severe sandstorms.The PM2.5 rose to 1382 mg·m-3 at 03:00 on the 15th, and the duration of severe pollution reached 15 h.From March 16 to 18, under the weak west-ridge in the upper level and weakened surface pressure field, the near-surface diffusion conditions were relatively poor, resulting in the accumulation and return of pollutants and the prolonged duration of severe pollution.Laser radar data showed that during the daytime of March 14, there were a large number of fine particles gathered in the upper air over Hohhot.In the early morning of the 15th, the primary pollutant in this area changed from PM2.5 to PM10.At 12:00, the PM10 concentration rose to 4099 mg·m-3.On the 16th, dust returned, causing severe pollution again.On the 17th, the pollutant concentration began to decrease, and the dust weather ended at 05:00 on the 18th.Backward trajectory analysis showed that Mongolia was the main source area for this severe dust pollution.

Key words: Laser radar, Extinction coefficient, Depolarization ratio, Backward trajectory

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