干旱程度和施氮水平对春玉米叶片碳氮含量及碳氮比的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2023.03.013

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of drought and nitrogen application on leaf C, N content, and C/N ratio of spring maize, "Danyu 405" was used as the test material.Comparative experiments of moderate (relative humidity is 45%±5%) and severe (relative humidity is 35%±5%) drought stress and nitrogen addition of 120 kg·hm^-2, 240 kg·hm^-2, and 270 kg·hm^-2 were carried out to analyze the leaf C, N content and C/N ratio of maize under drought, nitrogen addition and their interactions in the three key developmental stages of maize during 2018 to 2019.The results indicated that drought caused a decrease of 3.3%~38.5% in leaf N content and an increase of 0.8%~67.1% in the C/N ratio.The effects on leaf C and N contents and C/N ratio at different growing stages are Milk maturity stage> tasselling stage > jointing stage.With the aggravation of drought, the effects of drought on leaf N content and C/N ratio are intensified.After N application, the leaf N content increases first and then decreases with the increase of N application, but the C/N ratio is opposite.When the nitrogen application rate is 120 kg·hm^-2, the highest total nitrogen content and the lowest C/N ratio are obtained.A certain amount of nitrogen fertilizer after a drought can alleviate the negative effects of drought on the leaf carbon and nitrogen balance, but could not recover completely.When the nitrogen rate is 120 kg·hm^-2, the recovery degree of leaf N content and C/N ratio are the most obvious, increasing by 11.2% and decreasing by 6.5% respectively.After rewetting, nitrogen application can not restore the C/N balance of drought-affected leaves to the control level.There is a significant linear negative correlation between maize yield and leaf total carbon content and C/N ratio and a significant linear positive correlation between maize yield and leaf total nitrogen content (P < 0.01).Different degrees of drought and nitrogen application levels can affect maize yield by affecting the content of carbon and nitrogen in maize leaves and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen.This study can provide a theoretical basis for maize growth monitoring and dryland agricultural production.

Key words: Drought, Nitrogen application level, C and N contents, C/N ratio, Spring maize

CLC Number:

S513

Ni-na CHEN,Hui-jie LÜ,Yi-rui ZHANG,Guo-hui LI,Na MI,Shu-jie ZHANG,Si-yu LI,Yu-shu ZHANG. Effects of drought degree and nitrogen application level on leaf C and N contents and C/N ratio of spring maize[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2023, 39(3): 106-116.

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处理	发育期	施氮量/ (kg·hm^-2)	相对湿度/(%)	干旱程度
施氮	氮肥20%作基肥，	0	70%~80%	水分适宜
	40%做拔节期追肥，	120
	40%做抽雄期追肥，	240
	均施于0~20 cm土层	270
干旱胁迫	拔节	0	40%~50%	中度
	拔节	0	30%~40%	重度
	抽雄	0	40%~50%	中度
	抽雄	0	30%~40%	重度
	乳熟	0	40%~50%	中度
	乳熟	0	30%~40%	重度
干旱和施氮交互	拔节	120	40%~50%	中度
	拔节	240	40%~50%	中度
	拔节	270	40%~50%	中度
	拔节	120	30%~40%	重度
	拔节	240	30%~40%	重度
	拔节	270	30%~40%	重度
	抽雄	120	40%~50%	中度
	抽雄	240	40%~50%	中度
	抽雄	270	40%~50%	中度
	抽雄	120	30%~40%	重度
	抽雄	240	30%~40%	重度
	抽雄	270	30%~40%	重度

发育期	2018年	2019年
播种	5月8日	4月30日
出苗	5月16日	5月9日
三叶	5月19日	5月11日
七叶	6月4日	5月26日
拔节	6月20日	6月17日
抽雄	7月19日	7月15日
开花	7月20日	7月17日
吐丝	7月22日	7月19日
乳熟	8月16日	8月6日
成熟	9月20日	9月12日

指标	理论产量	叶片氮含量	叶片碳含量	碳氮比
理论产量	1
叶片氮含量	0.791^**	1
叶片碳含量	-0.615^**	-0.440^*	1
碳氮比	-0.777^**	-0.887^**	0.647^**	1

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Effects of drought degree and nitrogen application level on leaf C and N contents and C/N ratio of spring maize

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